Grade 5 titanium
Selecting Ti-6Al-4V by product form, condition and manufacturing route, with bounded properties and fabrication guidance.
Tags: materials, titanium, specialty-metals
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Identity and purchase description
TIMET's historical ASTM B265-95a reference for annealed Grade 5 sheet and plate at 0.025–1.000 in gives 895 MPa minimum tensile and 828 MPa minimum yield at 20°C, longitudinal and long transverse. LPBF properties depend on machine, parameters, build direction and post-treatment. Apply the property basis for the actual manufacturing route. TIMET historical Table 3, EOS additive process data
Grade 5 titanium, commonly Ti-6Al-4V, is the alpha-plus-beta titanium alloy UNS R56400. ATI identifies aluminum as the alpha stabilizer and vanadium as the beta stabilizer, and supplies information for annealed and solution-treated-and-aged conditions. The grade alone does not identify the delivered condition. ATI Grade 5 technical data sheet
TIMET's composition table distinguishes Grade 5 from its extra-low-interstitial Grade 23 variant: the listed oxygen maxima are 0.20% and 0.13%, respectively. TIMETAL is that producer's trademark. Preserve the full grade and producer identity rather than treating every Ti-6Al-4V product as interchangeable. TIMET composition and variants
Properties need their condition and source
TIMET's historical table gives these minimum tensile entries at 20°C for its Grade 5 product. Its references identify ASTM B265-95a and B348-95a; these entries are historical producer data, not a claim about current standard editions. TIMET Table 3 and references
| Product and condition | Test direction | Minimum tensile strength | Minimum 0.2% yield strength | Minimum elongation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sheet/plate, 0.025–1.000 in, annealed | Longitudinal and long transverse | 895 MPa | 828 MPa | 10% |
| Round diameter or thickness below 3.00 in, annealed, B348 row | Longitudinal | 895 MPa | 828 MPa | 10% |
Match the thickness band in the source units. Verify the applicable edition, test direction and certificate.
TIMET lists density 4.42 g/cm³ at 22°C and Young's modulus 107–122 GPa at 20°C, dependent on texture and heat treatment. An ideal 100 × 100 × 5 mm solid blank therefore has an estimated mass of 221 g: 50 cm³ multiplied by 4.42 g/cm³. This original calculation excludes tolerances and added hardware. TIMET physical properties
Use measured geometry and an appropriate material input for a final mass model. A favorable strength-to-mass ratio does not establish equal stiffness, buckling resistance or contact performance when replacing another material.
Thermal and fabrication history
ATI warns that section size and quench delay affect the properties achieved by solution treatment and aging. Its guidance also identifies room-temperature forming difficulty, even in annealed material. These are reasons to qualify the actual processing route rather than infer a furnace or forming recipe from the grade. ATI heat treatment and formability
Record incoming condition, deformation, thermal cycle and cooling method. For a replacement part, resolve unknown thermal history before assigning a strength value. Distinguish stress relief, annealing and solution treatment plus aging in drawings and process records; an unspecified instruction to “heat treat” leaves the intended final state unclear.
ATI's machining guidance calls for rigid tooling, slow speeds, substantial feeds and non-chlorinated cutting fluid. Its fusion-welding discussion calls for protection of molten and adjacent heated regions against contamination. Improper pickling or thermal processing can introduce contaminants and reduce ductility. ATI machining, welding and precautions
Qualify cutting parameters for the actual tool, operation and machine. Define weld preparation, shielding coverage, filler, sequence and inspection for the joint. Include surface condition after machining and thermal processing in acceptance. Obtain the delivered product's safety information and a facility procedure for the material generated during processing.
Additive manufacturing is a separate route
EOS supplies process-specific Grade 5 powder and part data. Its EOS M 290, 40 µm section identifies a particular parameter set and distinguishes manufactured microstructure from the heat-treated state. It cautions that conventional titanium heat treatments do not necessarily give the desired result from that additive starting structure. EOS Grade 5 material and process sheet
For that section's heat-treated specimens, EOS reports ISO 6892-1 tensile results:
| Orientation | 0.2% yield strength | Tensile strength | Elongation A |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vertical | 1,010 MPa | 1,080 MPa | 15% |
| Horizontal | 970 MPa | 1,080 MPa | 14% |
These are the reported process results, not a common Grade 5 minimum. The section describes 120 ±30 minutes at 800 ±10°C, measured from the part, in vacuum with specified cooling. Preserve that context rather than applying the numbers to as-built stock or another machine/process. EOS M 290, 40 µm: heat treatment and mechanical properties
For a printed part, record machine, powder lot and reuse history, parameter set, orientation, post-processing, surface finish and inspection basis. Qualify critical locations and representative specimens. Neither powder chemistry nor an average coupon result alone establishes the finished component's compliance or life.
Selection and release record
Describe temperature, load spectrum, environment, mating materials and required service life before comparing candidates. Obtain exposure-specific corrosion evidence, including cleaning and upset conditions. Keep suitability for an application separate from acceptance under its governing design rules.
Retain the certificate, ordered specification, condition, drawing, manufacturing history and final acceptance results together. Resolve substitutions against all these requirements, including inspection and traceability. Published application lists are useful discovery leads; they do not qualify an individual component.
Source editions
The ATI sheet prints Version 1, 31 January 2012. TIMET prints ©2000, TMC-0150 and cites historical specification editions. The EOS PDF contains several process sections; the M 290, 40 µm section used here is marked V1.0, CR617, 2019-02. These are source identities, not assertions that each is the latest controlled document. Review date: 2026-11-01, America/Los_Angeles.