Sheet metal
Manufacturing reference articles in Sheet metal.
- Countersink forming tools
Formed and coined sheet-metal countersinks, their distinction from cutting and dimpling, and geometry-dependent tooling limits.
- Embossing tools
Sheet-metal embossing tools, formed relief and marking variants, geometry limits, and tooling clearance during punch-press processing.
- Extrusion forming tools
Sheet-metal hole extrusions, pilot-hole and collar geometry, cut versus formed threads, and manufacturer-specific height limits.
- Gooseneck punches
Return-flange clearance, throat geometry, mounting interfaces and manufacturer-specific load limits for press-brake gooseneck punches.
- Hemming dies
Press-brake hemming stages, flat/open/teardrop profiles, tool variants and product-specific load limits.
- Louver forming tools
Cut-and-form louver tooling, single-hit and continuous versions, material-specific geometry limits, and sheet-motion clearance.
- Offset bending tools
Z-bend geometry, press-brake insert systems, progressive offset forming and manufacturer-specific limits.
- Press-brake crowning systems
Beam-deflection compensation, mechanical and hydraulic crowning, local alignment, and the distinction between correction travel and bend-angle accuracy.
- Punch dies
Sheet-metal punch-press dies, total versus per-side clearance, slug control and product-specific maintenance limits.
- Punch strippers
Punch stripping, sheet hold-down, guided tooling, aperture clearance, and the distinction between cutting and return-stroke forces.
- Radius bending punches
Large-radius press-brake punches, insert systems, springback, multi-breakage and bounded die-opening relationships.
- Rotary bending dies
Rocker benders and rotating V-dies, moving contact, overbend, short-flange support and manufacturer-specific application limits.
- Slitting tools
Punch-press slitting and parting tools, overlapping hits, side loads, guided tooling and edge-quality limits.
- Turret-punch multi-tools
Multi-tool station capacity, punch selection versus angle indexing, envelope limits, off-center tool geometry, and manufacturer-specific compatibility.
- Urethane bending pads
Deflecting polyurethane pads, V-die inserts, protective film, retained-pad geometry and load limits in press-brake bending.
- V-dies
V-die opening, groove angle and shoulder radius; bending-mode differences; and the tradeoffs among flange support, radius, load and mounting.