Acetone

Identity and scope

Solstice lists ACS acetone 179124 at ≥99.5% by GC and ≤0.5% water by Karl Fischer. HPLC 34850 lists ≥99.8% by GC and ≤0.1% water by Karl Fischer. These are catalog limits. A bottle result needs its lot record. 179124 specification 34850 specification Acetone (propan-2-one, dimethyl ketone) is C₃H₆O, CAS 67-64-1, InChIKey CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N. NIST Chemistry WebBook, SRD 69

Acetone is a polar aprotic solvent, molar mass 58.08 g/mol. Its carbonyl sits between two methyl groups. Sigma-Aldrich 179124, US English product page

Physical properties and their conditions

The following are attributed reference values, not lot measurements. A temperature without a pressure basis is incomplete evidence for a boiling point.

Sources: Sigma-Aldrich 179124, Solstice Fluka 179124.

Synthesis: g/mL and g/cm3 express the same density unit. Different temperatures, precision, and unidentified methods prevent these two catalog densities from proving a temperature trend or a grade difference. Complete miscibility describes phase mixing with water. It does not make an acetone-water mixture equivalent to neat acetone or establish the mixture's density, vapor pressure, or material compatibility.

Vapor pressure and phase equilibrium

NIST fits Ambrose, Sprake, and Townsend's 1974 acetone data with the Antoine form log10(P) = A - B / (T + C), with P in bar and T in kelvin. The stated interval is 259.16 to 507.60 K. The coefficients are A = 4.42448, B = 1312.253, and C = -32.445. The correlation describes pure-substance phase equilibrium. NIST correlation, reference, and notes

Derived example: at 293.15 K, equivalent to 20 °C, substitution gives approximately 0.246 bar, or 24.6 kPa. This within-range calculation has no supplied uncertainty estimate. Saturation pressure does not predict airborne concentration, evaporation time, or a mixture's total pressure.

Source differences remain visible. Solstice 179124 lists both 184 mmHg and 240 hPa at 20 °C. The Fisher SDS gives 247 mbar at 20 °C. Exact unit conversion makes 240 hPa equal to 24.0 kPa and 247 mbar equal to 24.7 kPa. The sources do not establish why their values differ. Solstice properties and specifications, Fisher SDS, section 9

Solstice prints a boiling range of 55–57 °C at 1.013 hPa. That ambiguous punctuation does not establish a verified pressure basis here. Solstice 179124

Commercial grades and lot evidence

These two Solstice products illustrate distinct published specifications for the same CAS identity. They are examples, not a universal ranking of acetone grades.

Sources: 179124 specification table, 34850 specification table. GC means gas chromatography. The pages name methods for assay and water but do not state a mass or volume basis for every percentage.

Sigma-Aldrich's technical-support answer explicitly says its 179124 is not anhydrous. Its 0.5% water maximum is a specification, not a statement that each bottle contains that amount. Sigma-Aldrich 179124, properties and questions

Synthesis: assay, water, and nonvolatile residue describe different attributes. Assay alone cannot establish the water content or residue of a specific lot. Both Solstice pages provide a separate lot-number COA lookup. No lot COA was examined here. A certificate of analysis supplies lot-specific evidence, while these catalog limits describe the named product. Neither a grade name nor this comparison qualifies a manufacturing application.

Safety classification and compatibility evidence

Fisher's US A18-family SDS, revision 9 dated December 18, 2025, identifies flammable-liquid category 2, eye-irritation category 2, and single-exposure target-organ toxicity category 3 affecting the central nervous system. Section 3 reports acetone above 95% by weight. That disclosure is not a reagent assay specification. The SDS follows US OSHA HCS 2024 and does not establish another region's classification. Fisher SDS, sections 1–3

Section 10 lists incompatible classes including strong oxidizers, strong reducers, strong bases, peroxides, halogenated compounds, alkali metals, and amines. These are reactivity warnings, not a compatibility test matrix for polymers, seals, coatings, or finished parts. Sections 5 and 9 give conflicting flammability ranges. No combined range is inferred here. Section 16 limits the SDS to its designated material and disclaims a quality specification or process warranty. Fisher SDS, sections 5, 9, 10, and 16

Coverage and source versions

The NIST correlation, the US English Sigma-Aldrich page, and the two Solstice catalog pages were reviewed on October 30, 2026 PDT. The catalog pages do not provide a numbered technical revision. The original 1974 paper's full experimental text was not reviewed. The cited correlation is NIST's fit.

Coverage excludes a current lot COA, acetone-water equilibrium data, concentration-dependent hazards, and material-specific compatibility tests. This reference supplies no cleaning procedure, process settings, exposure target, or customer approval. The broader Surface-finishing processes provides process context, not acetone qualification.